中药管理应遵循卫生改革与发展的基本原则是 A．以监管为中心 B．以法规为依据 C．以

（13分）（1）常温下，0.05mol/L硫酸溶液中,c(H⁺)=       mol/L，pH值为     ，水电离的c(H⁺)=       mol/L。如图所示，一定温度下，冰醋酸加水稀释过程中溶液的导电能力曲线图，请回答。

（2）“O”点为什么不导电                                 。

（3）a、b、c三点的氢离子浓度由小到大的顺序为           。

（4）a、b、c三点中，醋酸的电离程度最大的一点是         。

（5）若使c点溶液中的c(CH₃COO^－)提高，在如下措施中，可选择       。

A．加NaCl溶液        B．加热    

C．加固体KOH      D．加Zn粒

E．加固体CH₃COONa   F．加水

（6）在稀释过程中，随着醋酸浓度的降低，下列始终保持增大趋势的量是__________________。

A.H^＋个数                    B．c(H^＋)

C．c(H^＋)/c(CH₃COOH)         D．CH₃COOH分子数

阅读理解。

     Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. While this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a significant environmental problem .The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant declines in the populations of several species.

Some of the first concrete evidence of the phenomenon came from Colorado, where researchers at the

Rocky Mountain Biological lab have been observing marmot(旱獭)hibernation behavior since the 1970s.

In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May.

Nowadays, however, temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots

are waking up about a month earlier.

     At least the marmots are still hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. In parts of the United States, chipmunks (花鼠)also skipped the hibernation period. The bears seem to have survived without losing

many individuals. The chipmunks, however, were not so lucky. Many of the animals died of starvation

during the winter.

     The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether, lies with the creatures'

metabolism (新陈代谢). When an animal hibernates, their metabolism drops significantly. The animals'

heart rate slows, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake from their winter

slumber, their metabolism returns to normal.

     But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren't as

available as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer, thinking it's spring, but plants will not have gotten the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth. So until

the plants grow, the marmots have no reliable food source.

     Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse. In addition to changes in hibernation

patterns, some believe that other animals will also begin to change their migration patterns or begin to give birth earlier. For many biologists, that's a scary prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford

University, said: "I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species."

1. What is the viewpoint of the writer?

A. Global warming will continue to get worse as time goes on.

B. Global warming will lead to shortened hibernation of some animals.

C. Shortened hibernation will result in declines in the population of animals.

D. Some animals will skip hibernation altogether.

2. The writer sets the example of the marmot so as to __________.

A. indicate that the weather gets warmer and warmer now

B. explain that global warming influences animals' hibernation

C. show that the weather in the United States is quite different

D. say some animals do not hibernate now due to warm weather

3. The underlined word "slumber" in the fourth paragraph means " _________".

A. weather

B. activity

C. nest

D. sleep

4. Why can't marmots find enough food when they wake up?

A. Because there are too many marmots in the wild now.

B. Because plants haven't received enough sunlight for spring growth.

C. Because winter days end much earlier than before.

D. Because more and more animal species skip hibernation now.

5. Terry Root holds a(n) __________ attitude towards the future of animals.

A. optimistic

B. doubtful

C. pessimistic

D. sensitive

引起动物损伤的原因有机械性、物理性、化学性和（）四种。

网络操作系统的组成：网络服务软件、工作站软件、网络环境软件和

A．协议软件

B．通信软件

C．服务器操作系统

D．网络应用软件