试题与答案

有A、B、C、D四块金属,将A和B用导线连接起来,浸入电解质溶液中,B不易腐蚀。

题型:选择题

题目:

有A、B、C、D四块金属,将A和B用导线连接起来,浸入电解质溶液中,B不易腐蚀。将A和D分别投入等浓度盐酸中,D比A反应剧烈。将铜浸入B的盐溶液里,无明显变化。如果把铜浸入C的盐溶液里,有金属C析出。据此判断它们的活动性由强到弱的顺序是(   )  

A.D >C >A >B         B. D >A >B >C

C.D >B >A >C         D.B >A >D >C

答案:

答案:B

题目分析:原电池中被腐蚀的金属是活动性强的金属;金属和相同的酸反应时,活动性强的金属反应剧烈;金属的置换反应中,较活泼金属能置换出较不活泼的金属,据此可以解答。两种活动性不同的金属和电解质溶液构成原电池,较活泼的金属作负极,负极上金属失电子发生氧化反应被腐蚀,较不活泼的金属作正极,将A与B用导线连接起来浸入电解质溶液中,B不易腐蚀,所以A的活动性大于B;金属和相同的酸反应时,活动性强的金属反应剧烈,将A、D分别投入等浓度盐酸溶液中,D比A反应剧烈,所以D的活动性大于A;金属的置换反应中,较活泼金属能置换出较不活泼的金属,将铜浸入B的盐溶液中,无明显变化,说明B的活动性大于铜。如果把铜浸入C的盐溶液中,有金属C析出,说明铜的活动性大于C,所以金属的活动性顺序为:D>A>B>C,故选B。

点评:该题是高考中的常见题型,属于中等难度的试题。有利于培养学生的逻辑推理能力和发散思维能力。答题时能从原电池的负极、金属之间的置换反应、金属与酸或水反应的剧烈程度、金属最高价氧化物的水化物的碱性强弱等方面来判断金属的活动性强弱,注意相关知识的积累和总结。

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题型:阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Here is some information about several famous local bakeries(面包房) in Indiana, the US. They

serve as a social gathering place for locals.

     Maple Lane Bakery

     At 8260 S. State Rd. Claypool, IN. (574) 566-2917, it offers a variety of cooked pies, cookies,

and bread. With 20 years' experience Maple Lane Bakery has specialized in the making of pies. The

menu includes peach pie $7.19, berry pie $7.70, apple pie $7.19 and banana pie $6.99.Feel free

to place an order at least 24 hours in advance.

     Betty's Cakes £ Candy Shop

     At 816 E. Winona Avenue Warsaw, IN. (574)269-1231, it specializes in cakes and offers cookies

and candies. The chocolate cookies are sold at $8.99 a dozen. Betty's Cakes £ Candy Shop, started

half a century ago, specializes in wedding cakes and birthday cakes. Buying a cake from Betty's will not

disappoint you as they are always excellent.

     Crepes' Quality Bakery

    At 217 S. Cavin Street Ligonier, IN.( 260) 894-3024, this third generation bakery is located

downtown Ligonier. It offers cookies and cupcakes, and specializes in rolls and bread. If you plan to

buy cookies for the office or work area, you had better get there early as the building workers arrive

just before 5:00 am waiting for the doors to open.

     Olympia Candy Kitchen

     At 136 N. Main Street Goshen, IN. (574)533-5040, it has been welcoming visitors for almost a

century in its unchanged location in downtown Goshen, Indiana. Its tradition began in 1912 when Greek

Nicholas began making his own chocolates. Today this family-owned operation offers all kinds of

candies and boxed candies.

     If you need an order, you should call ahead of time to see if they can meet your request.

1. Which of the following pies is the most expensive?

A. Peach pie.      

B. Banana pie.    

C. Apple pie.      

D. Berry pie.

2. If you want to order a birthday cake, you are advised to call       .

A. (574)533-5040              

B. (574)269-1231  

C. (260) 894-3024              

D. (574) 566-2917

3. Which of the following bakeries has the shortest history?

A. Crepes' Quality Bakery.        

B. Betty's Cakes £ Candy Shop.

C. Olympia Candy Kitchen.      

D. Maple Lane Bakery.

4. The author wrote this passage mainly to      .

A. tell readers some travel information

B. persuade more people to eat pies

C. make the bakeries better known to readers

D. warn customers to order bakeries in advance

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