试题与答案

【中外历史人物评说】阅读材料,完成下列各题。 材料一托马斯·潘恩的《 * * 论》主张

题型:综合题

题目:

【中外历史人物评说】阅读材料,完成下列各题。

材料一 托马斯·潘恩的《 * * 论》主张天赋权利和代议制民主共和,他认为“任何一个政府,如果不按共和国的原则办事,都不是好政府”。共和政府把为公众谋福利作为其目标。

把民主制作为基础保留下来,同时摈弃腐败的君主制和贵族制,代议制就应运而生,并立即弥补简单民主制在形式上的各种缺陷以及其他两种体制在知识方面的无能。

——《潘恩选集》

材料二 托马斯·潘恩认为,在共和政体下,国民具有制定宪法的权利,宪法是人民组成政府的法令,人民通过宪法授予一切管理国家的权力都是委托。宪法不仅是一种权力,而且还是人民对政府加以控制的法律。

(代议制政府)不是任何人或任何一群人为了谋利就有权利开设或经营的店铺,而完全是一种信托,人们给它这种信托,也可以随时收回。政府本身并不拥有权利,只负有义务。                                                      ——《潘恩选集》

(1)根据材料一、二,概括潘恩的思想主张。(8分)

(2)依据材料并结合所学知识,说明潘恩的思想主张对美国1787年宪法的影响。(7分)

答案:

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