试题与答案

天然气(主要成分甲烷)是一种清洁、高效的能源,现在许多城市家庭用于厨房使用的燃料

题型:填空题

题目:

天然气(主要成分甲烷)是一种清洁、高效的能源,现在许多城市家庭用于厨房使用的燃料已经由煤气(主要成分是H2和CO按体积比1:1混合的气体混合物)换成了天然气;此外天然气也是很好的燃料电池的燃料,甲烷在燃料电池中的能量转换率可达到85%~90%。

请回答下列问题:

(1)已知H2、CO和CH4的燃烧热分别是286kJ/mol、283kJ/mol和890kJ/mol,则反应:2CH4(g)+3O2(g)= CO(g)+H2(g)+CO2(g)+3H2O(l)的反应热△H=____________

(2)以甲烷、空气为反应物,KOH溶液作电解质溶液构成燃料电池,则负极反应式为__________________。随着反应的不断进行溶液的pH______(填“增大”“减小”或“不变”)

(3)如果以该燃料电池为电源、石墨作两电极电解饱和食盐水,则该电解过程中阳极反应式为__________;如果电解一段时间后NaCl溶液的体积为1L,溶液的pH为12,则理论上消耗甲烷在标准状况下的体积为_________mL。

(4)将(3)中电解结束后的溶液取出,向其中加入含有Mg2+和Fe2+的溶液甲,Mg(OH)2和Fe(OH)2同时生成,已知Mg(OH)2和Fe(OH)2在该温度下的溶度积常数分别是2× 10-11和8×10-16,则甲溶液中Mg2+和Fe2+的浓度比为___。

答案:

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