试题与答案

民生问题是古今中外社会发展的重大问题。 阅读材料,回答问题。 材料一 (隋炀帝)

题型:材料题

题目:

民生问题是古今中外社会发展的重大问题。

阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 (隋炀帝)大业八年,天下旱,百姓流亡。时发四海兵,帝亲征高丽,六军冻馁,死者十八九。十三年,天下大旱。时郡县乡邑,悉遣筑城,发南女,无少长,皆就役。——《隋书》

贞观十一年七月一日,洛水暴涨,漂六百家余家。十三日,诏曰:“暴雨为灾,大水泛滥,……诸司供进(进奉的财物),悉令减省。凡所力役,量事停废。遭水之家,赐帛有差。”……九月,黄河泛滥,……太宗辛白马坂以观之。——《旧唐书》

材料二 孙中山认为: “民生主义,就是要四万万人都有饭吃,并且要有便宜的饭吃”; “就是要全国人民都可以得安乐,都不致受财产分配不均的痛苦”; 就在“打破社会上不平等之阶级”。…… “要解决民生问题,一定要发达资本,振兴实业。”……1924年8月孙中山指出“我们国民党的民生主义,目的就是要把社会上的财源弄到平均,不过办法不同。” ——摘编自孙中山《三民主义》

材料三 二战后,欧洲社会福利国家出现。一般说来,现代欧洲各国的福利国家制度主要包括医疗、疾病、养老、事故、失业、住房、教育等方面。……在高福利的瑞典,失业工人领取的失业津贴相当于原工资收入的90%,而且可以领取300天。——摘自刘玉安《北欧福利国家剖析》

材料四 第一次工业革命把人类带入了蒸汽机时代,人们的生活方式也相应发生变化。第二次工业革命把人类带入了电气化时代,人们开始享受电灯、电话、汽车、飞机、化学工业等发明给生活带来的诸多便利,人们的民生民计得到极大的改善。第三次科技革命更是把人类带入信息化时代,以电子计算机为主要代表的科技革命成果日益深入人们的生产生活过程之中,民生民计开始向更高层次发展和迈进。

(1)依据材料一,说明灾害发生后隋炀帝、唐太宗对待百姓的态度,概括唐太宗应对灾害的举措。

                                                                                                                                                                

(2)依据材料二,指出孙中山解决民生问题的目的和基础分别是什么?结合所学知识指出1924年后孙中山解决民生问题的“办法”与1905年有何新变化。

                                                                                                                                                                

(3)依据材料三,概括欧洲福利国家制度的特点。结合所学知识,分析欧洲福利国家制度实施的主要原因。

                                                                                                                                                                

(4)综合上述民生问题的材料,你得到哪些启示?

                                                                                                                                                                 

答案:

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参考答案:D解析:淋球菌主要侵犯黏膜,感染早期表现为 * * 炎。

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