试题与答案

阅读下面这篇文章,完成17—20题。 一茎苍茫 梁锡华 犹记幼时,家中的露台植莲

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

题目:

阅读下面这篇文章,完成17—20题。

一茎苍茫

梁锡华

犹记幼时,家中的露台植莲两缸,缸高和直径各超过三英尺,堪称庞然大物。二者稳放在砖头堆砌的座上,对四五岁的孩子来说,花开时只能高山仰止,绝对是攀爬无术的。花分红白,各在自己的地盘显颜色。一艳一素,到底是为了破解单调还是另有道理,家中长辈从来没公布过,更没有拿来做教训的材料。到自己长大读书,慢慢才知道白莲是君子的象征,因为周敦颐写那篇传颂不衰的《爱莲说》里头“濯清涟而不妖”“香远益清”等话,赐给红莲不是顶合适。既然“莲,花之君子者也”,绯红或粉红都不免带若干“妖”气,周氏心目中所说的白莲,殆无疑问,何况宋人喜雅淡而避颜色,红莲未可上君子台。但家中为什么不两缸同尚白呢?我想,白是丧服颜色,全白不吉,红带富贵气,二者并立竟能相辅相成,也即既君子亦富贵,完全合乎中国人务实之道,也是好东西一律通吃之谓。

莲可赏,这是不争的事实,但父亲忌花卉情,连露台也不踏足,可免论。母亲每年只在植新莲和收莲藕的时候带着下人大干劳动,平常也不做驻足观莲之想。姐姐做闺女,新鲜空气不宜,岂有兴趣出露台闲荡?哥哥给琴棋书画和音乐唱戏等缠得凶,完全忘记家中有个风景不俗的好去处。嫂嫂是闺中少妇颇知愁,小毛病不断,当然绝缘屋檐之外了。所以一家里头乐意在两大莲缸附近流连的,只我这个小子。讲雅兴,则吾岂敢?但俗兴却有一两分,因为志在莲实,莲实总是姗姗来迟。我呢,见莲花开已食指动,但必须等到花落莲蓬出,再要等莲蓬丰满莲实肥,才蒙母亲出手摘下来供我享受。记得所有莲实几乎由我一人独吃,难逃垄断之嫌,但似乎家中的深意,因这个果子“益气力,除百疾,久服,轻身耐老”,的确最适合我这个小儿子。吃莲实,除病长寿,又可能接莲性而成君子,真的再好也没有了。参透这秘密总算没有白念周敦颐的志文。

如今,数十年前的莲影常掩映心头,但花、叶、实全渺,要吃一口出自家园的鲜莲子,休想!最近重温《本草》,发觉老李讲莲十分详细,藕、实、叶、房、花,无所不举。简单地说,全部能入药,换言之,都有大用。一无是处的,只有莲茎。但老李很客观,他引出《相感志》云:“荷梗塞穴鼠去,煎汤洗镴垢自新。”这是茎枯干前的无用之用,比起莲的其它部分,理应自惭形秽,入现代,根只配进垃圾桶了。因为人对付老鼠有特效药,刷焊锡也有多种洗洁剂类的膏、粉液可用,既然如此,谁还劳师动众去生火“煎汤”呢?讲观赏,莲茎完全没看头。它是支撑莲叶的枝子,瘦瘦的,浑身生小刺,了无佳趣,难怪李时珍如实报导说:“茎乃负叶者也,有负荷之意。”只配负荷,也即只配当苦力了。更值得注意的莲叶、莲花、莲房、莲实等最丰满和明媚动人的时候,是莲茎最苦的日子。它要顶起压在自己弱躯上的压力,一天二十四小时,不休息的。当沉堕渐减,莲的各体俱已风光过后还受人珍视而成有用之才,但茎却枯残变废物,与腐臭相投亦不远了。

从几岁活到如今几十岁,我到此日才领悟莲茎那点不为人欣赏的辛劳。若非有它撑住莲的大局,何来莲的种种有用物?自己小时候吃莲藕和莲实很不少了,但对莲茎,因它的刺和一竿瘦直的陋相,从来就只有满腔憎嫌。今天偶获启迪,心中透亮而内渐,但逝者已矣,惟盼余生梦来时,常见莲茎枝枝,直直青青出污泥肩重任,让我深深赞美,顶礼合目。

1、文中“吃莲实,除病长寿,又可能接莲性而成君子,真的再好也没有了”一句中的“莲性”指的是什么?(4分)

答:  

2、“一艳一素,到底是为了破解单调还是另有道理,家中长辈从来没公布过,更没有拿来做教训的材料。”纵观全文,你认为“一艳一素”是为了破解单调还是另有大道理?为什么?(4分)

答:  

3、作者对莲茎的感情,小时候和成年以后各有何不同?为什么?(6分)

答:  

4、从作者认识莲茎的过程,你受到什么启迪?(4分)

答:  

答案:

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分子;分母;分数值

试题推荐
题型:阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have

two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van (住房汽车). A small car can

hold (容纳) four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded (拥挤). A van hold seven

persons easily, so a family of three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all

travel together.

     Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. Their

children sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases

(衣箱) when they travel.

     Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling

to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside, they can

live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when

they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many

parks for motor homes.

1. From the passage, a van is also called _______. [ ]

A. a motor car 

B. a motor home

C. a motorbike  

D. a big truck

2. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they _______. [ ]

A. sold their old house

B. moved to their grandparents'house

C. built a new place for a van

D. sold their second car

3. A motor home is usually owned by a family with _______. [ ]

A. a baby   

B. much money

C. more than two children 

D. interest in vans

4. Americans usually use motor homer _______. [ ]

A. to travel with all the family members of holiday

B. to do some shopping with all the family members

C. to visit their grandparents at weekends

D. to drive their children to school every day

5. Motor homes have become popular because _______. [ ]

A. they can take people to another city when people are free

B. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays

C. some people think motor homes are cheap

D. big families can put more things in motor homes

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