试题与答案

阅读下面的文字,完成下面题目 “鸟巢”为何东西高南北低? 国家体育场“鸟巢”是2

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

题目:

阅读下面的文字,完成下面题目

“鸟巢”为何东西高南北低?

国家体育场“鸟巢”是2008年北京奥运会主体育场,是由2001年普利茨克奖获得者赫尔佐格.德梅隆与中国建筑师李兴刚等合作设计的巨型体育场。它就像是用树枝般的钢网,把一个可容10万人的体育场编织成的一个温馨鸟巢,寄托着人类对未来的希望。“鸟巢”坐落在奥林匹克公园中央区平缓的坡地上,场馆设计如同一个容器,高低起伏变化的外观可产生戏剧性和震撼性的视觉冲击力。“鸟巢”是建筑、体育、艺术完美的统一。

美轮美奂的“鸟巢”,为什么东西两头高,南北两头低,远远看过去就像一个大元宝?这是因为运动赛场具有方向性的缘故。大凡比较正规的足球场,一般都是南北走向。因为地球自转的方向是自西向东的,故太阳总是东升西落。假设足球场是东西走向,如果在上午比赛,日出东方,则整个上午太阳都在偏东的方向,太阳光就会直射向东进攻的运动员,把运动员的眼睛照得眼花缭乱;如果在下午比赛,日落西山,则整个下午太阳都在偏西的方向,太阳光就会正对向西进攻的运动员,把运动员的眼睛晒得直冒火花,运动员就不敢往上看。这当然会影响运动员的比赛。

因此,只有足球场是南北走向的时候,太阳光才是从运动员的侧面照射过来的,运动员才能避免受到太阳直射,不至于影响到运动员的比赛。同样的道理,田径运动场也应该是南北走向,这样南北向的跑道就长些,东西向的跑道就短些,尽量避免运动员在东西方向上受太阳光的影响。

另一方面,如果运动赛场是南北走向,那么东西方向看台观众的视线是均衡的,因为观众可以均衡地看到两端的比赛情况,所以在东西方向应该布置更多的座席,而南北方向的座席应该相对布置少一些。这样一来,东西两个方向留出来的空间就肯定多些。南北两个方向自然留出来的空间就少些。“鸟巢”东西方向有6层看台,南北方向是5层看台,所以它东西两头就高起来(最高为68.5米),南北两边就低了下去(最低点为42.8米)。另外,东西两头高还可以尽量遮挡一部分上午和下午的太阳,最大限度地减少太阳光对运动员的干扰。

“鸟巢”人性化的设计和独特的外观造型,使它成为2008年北京奥运会一座独特的历史性的标志性建筑。不论是近看还是远观,都将给人留下与众不同的、永不磨灭的形象。它完全符合国家体育场在功能和技术上的需求,又不同于一般体育场建筑中大跨度结构为主体的设计手法。体育场的空间效果既具有前所未有的独创性、艺术性和实用性,而又大度、简洁、典雅,成为世界奥运史上的经典之作。

小题1:

关于“鸟巢”的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是(   )(3分)

A.“鸟巢”是中外建筑师合作设计的巨型体育场,是建筑、体育、艺术的完美结合。

B.“鸟巢”坐落在奥林匹克公园中央区,是2008年北京奥运会主体育场,也是世界最大的体育场,可以容纳10万观众。

C.把奥运会主体育场设计成一个温馨“鸟巢”形状,寄托了全球人类和睦共处的美好希望。

D.“鸟巢”不仅是2008年北京奥运会独特的历史性的标志性建筑,更是世界奥运史上的经典之作。

答案:

小题:

答案:B

小题:

“也是世界最大的体育场”无中生有,于原文无据。)

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题型:阅读理解

阅读理解。

     On October 12, 2005, China launched its second manned spaceship, Shenzhou VI,send- mg two

spacemen into space. It was the second time that our country had sent up manned spaceship after Shenzhou

V. China has become the third country to send people to space after Russia and the USA.

     Shenzhou VI lifted off on a Long March 2F rocket from Jiuquan,Gansu Province.Two spacemen Fei

Junlong and Nie Haisheng traveled around the earth 80 times in 115 hours and thirty-two minutes and landed

safely in the Inner Mongolian grasslands on October 17, 2005.

     The spaceship has three modules (飞船舱): the orbital module where scientific experiments (实验) like

testing space foods and drinks are done; the re-entry capsule where the spacemen spent most of their time.

and the service module,which has fuel (燃料), air and other technical equipment (技术设备) in it.

    Unlike Yang Liwei's space trip two years ago, Fei and Nie went up and down between the modules for

scientific experiments. For the first time, they took off their space suits and moved around in the modules

freely. From space, Fei and Nie could make long distance calls to their families at the launch centre. Nie's

daughter even sang "Happy Birthday" to her Dad during the phone call. .

    It is said that our country will launch Shenzhou VII in 2007. The plan for Shenzhou VII is to make

China's first space walk possible. Later, Shenzhou VIll will start to build China's first space station. China

also plans to land on the moon by 2010.

1. So far, ______ have sent people into space.

A. China, UK and USA

B. China, Russia and USA

C. China, USA and Japan

D. China, Russia and UK

2. The spacemen Fei and Nie traveled around the earth for nearly ______ days.

A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 7

3. We can infer (推断) Fei and Nie had foods and drinks in ______ in the spaceship.

A. the orbital module

C. the service module

B. the reentry capsule

D. the launch centre

4. Which statement (陈述) is NOT RIGHT according to the passage?

A. Shenzhou V1 was sent up into space in Gansu Province.

B. The re-entry capsule has rule and air in it.

C. Nie Haisheng spent his birthday in the spaceship.

D. China will probably walk in space one day.

5. Of the following, which order is right?

①The spacemen took off their space suits and moved around in the modules

②Shenzhou VI 1anded in the Inner Mongolian grasslands.

③A Long March 2 F rocket was sent up into space.

④Shenzhou V traveled around the world.

A. ③④②①

B. ④③①②

C. ③①④②

D. ④③②①

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