读诗词解题：（通过列方程，算出周瑜去世时的年龄） 大江东去浪淘尽，千古风流人物．

1943年2月，罗斯福在致斯大林的一封贺信中写道：“（苏联人民取得这一战役的胜利）制止了侵略浪潮，成了盟军反侵略战争的转折点。”这一转折点是（  ）

A．斯大林格勒战役

B．莫斯科保卫战

C．诺曼底登陆

D．攻克柏林战役

根据我国‘通讯天线行业标准’规定，移动通信系统基站天线分为（）三类。

A、全向天线

B、定向单极化天线

C、定向45°双极化天线

D、定向90°双极化天线

下图涉及的物质所含元素中，除一种元素外，其余均为短周期元素。已知：A、F为无色气体单质，B为具有刺激性气味的气体，C为黑色氧化物，E为红色金属单质（部分反应的产物未列出）。请回答下列问题：

（1）B的电子式为        ；

（2）写出B和C反应的化学方程式                                            ；

（3）写出E与G的稀溶液反应的离子方程式，并用单线桥标出电子转移的方向和数目：

                                                      ；

（4）J、K均是同种金属的氯化物，且K为白色沉淀。写出SO₂还原J生成K的离子方程式                                        ；

（5）汽车尾气中常含有D和CO ，二者在催化剂作用下可以大部分转化为两种对空气无污染的物质，已知：    F(g) + A(g) =" 2D" (g)  △H =" +180.5KJ/mol"

2C (s)+ O₂ (g)= 2CO(g) △H =" -221.0" KJ/mol

C (s)+ O₂(g) = CO₂(g)  △H =" -393.5" KJ/mol

则上述尾气转化的热化学方程式为：                                   。

图7为“美国和中国东北部分农业区分布示意图”，读图完成。

小题1:甲、乙两幅图中的农业区所属的农业地域类型是

A．水稻种植业

B．商品谷物农业

C．大牧场放牧业

D．混合农业小题2:影响两个地区小麦种植的共同的有利自然条件是

A．交通便利，水源充足

B．热量充足，城市众多

C．地形平坦，土壤肥沃

D．工业发达，市场需求量大

The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of primitive weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the latter.
41) ______ Animals have a few cries that serve as signals, but even the highest apes have not been found able to pronounce words, even with the most intensive professional instruction. The superior brain of man is apparently a necessity for the mastering of speech. When man became sufficiently intelligent, we must suppose that he gradually increased the number of cries for different purposes. It was a great day when he discovered that speech could be used for narrative. There are those who think that in this respect picture language preceded oral language. A man could draw a picture on the wall of his cave to show in which direction he had gone, or what prey he hoped to catch. 42) ______
Two important stages came not so long before the dawn of written history. The first was the domestication of animals; the second was agriculture. Agriculture made possible an immense increase in the number of the human species in the regions where it could be successfully practiced. 43) ______
44) ______
These inventions and discoveries--fire, speech, weapons domestic animals, agriculture, and writing--made the existence of civilized communities possible. From about 3000 B. C. until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution less than two hundred years ago there was no technical advance comparable to these. During this long period man had time to become accustomed to his technique, and to develop the beliefs and political organizations appropriate to it. There was, of course, an immense extension in the area of civilized life. At first it had been confined to the Nile, the Euphrates, the Tigris, and the Indus, but at the end of the period in question it covered much the greatest part of the inhabitable globe. I do not mean to suggest that there was no technical progress during the time. 45) ______ (512 words)
Notes: ape 猿。pastoral nomad 田园式的游牧部落的人。the Euphrates 幼发拉底河。the Tigris底格里斯河。the Indus 印度河。in question 所谈的(在名词后作后置定语)。
[A] Probably picture language and. oral language developed side by side. I am inclined to think that language has been the most important single factor in the development of man.
[B] Another fundamental technical advance was writing, which, like spoken language, developed out of pictures, but as soon as it had reached a certain stage, it was possible to keep records and transmit information to people who were not present when the information was given.
[C] With the development of civilization, primitive people who lived in caves at that time badly needed a language, which would help them to communicate with one another.
[D] The origin of language is also obscure. No doubt it began very gradually.
[E] In fact, there was progress--there were even two inventions of very great importance, namely, gunpowder and the mariner’s compass--but neither of these can be compared in their revolutionary power to such things as speech and writing and agriculture.
[F] These were, at first, only those in which nature fertilized the soil after each harvest. Agriculture met with violent resistance from the pastoral nomads, but the agricultural way of life prevailed in the end because of the physical comforts it provided.
[G] But industry was a step in human progress to which subsequently there was nothing comparable until our own machine age.