—What can you do? —I can_____ Chinese ku

闭合性气胸，积气量小于该侧胸腔容积百分之几时不须抽气（）

A.5%

B.10%

C.15%

D.20%

E.25%

存款人申请开立专用存款账户，应向开户行出具其开立基本存款账户规定的证明文件、基本存款账户开户许可证和下列哪些证明文件（）

A.基本建设资金、更新改造资金、政策性房地产开发资金、住房基金、社会保障基金，应出具主管部门批文

B.财政预算外资金，应出具财政部门的证明

C.粮、棉、油收购资金，应出具主管部门批文

D.单位银行卡备用金，应按照中国人民银行批准的银行卡章程的规定出具有关证明和资料

E.证券交易结算资金，应出具证券公司或证券管理部门的证明

F.期货交易保证金，应出具期货公司或期货管理部门的证明

证券公司的自营业务不允许( )。

A．使用自有资金

B．使用筹集的资金

C．以自己的名义进行

D．以个人名义进行

患儿生后7天，在家接生，出现发热，烦躁不安，吸吮困难，苦笑面容，阵发性痉挛，惊厥，脐部发红。

该患儿的临床诊断为

A．新生儿败血症

B．新生儿破伤风

C．新生儿脐炎

D．新生儿颅内出血

E．新生儿化脓性脑膜炎

"Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here," wrote the Victorian stage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.

Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.

From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus—On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, the championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.

Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist’s personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explores. "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit," wrote Smiles. "what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself" His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.

This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.

Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles: "It is man, real, living man who does all that. "And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For: "Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past. "

This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding—from gender to race to cultural studies—were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.

42（）