试题与答案

麻醉前用药目的在于（） A.消除病人紧张、焦虑及恐惧 B.提高病人的痛域 C.抑制呼

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题型：多项选择题

题目：

麻醉前用药目的在于（）

A.消除病人紧张、焦虑及恐惧

B.提高病人的痛域

C.抑制呼吸道腺体的分泌功能

D.减少唾液分泌

E.消除因手术或麻醉引起的不良反应

答案：

参考答案：A, B, C, D, E

考点：计划生育(医学高级)医学高级（计划生育）仿真试题三
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题型：单项选择题

Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.
Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identify these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.
Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied "new car odor."

According to the passage, all the following are easier to synthesize EXCEPT ______.

A．aromatic ingredient in vanilla

B．vanilla

C．aromatic ingredient in wild cherry

D．the flavor of fresh coffee
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