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It is generally believed that we are getting cleaned when we step under a shower. We are, but we’re also giving a home to lots of tiny little creatures we didn’t even know about. A showerhead carries thousands of bacteria called Mycobacterium．These can cause problems like coughs and tiredness, and a general feeling of poorliness (身体不舒服). When you turn on the water, the bacteria go from the showerhead onto and into your body.

This is a finding of Norman R. Pace and his team at the University of Colorado, in the US. The scientists investigated bacteria in all kinds of human environment, including showers．Pace's team looked at 45 showerheads in nine American cities. They discovered that 30 percent of them had large amounts of flying Mycobacterium.

But Pace said that they pose few threats to the health．Only those with a weak immune system might need to worry．He told the New York Times that the bacteria are not as unpleasant as might be thought．He said that having a shower is no more dangerous than anything else we do in the morning．

But for those who feel sick about the idea of all those microorganisms (微生物), he had some advice. Let the water run for 30 seconds before getting into the shower. Why? The number of bacteria is smaller than that when the water is just turned on. If that seems like a waste of water, he added that you could also change your showerhead every few months.

However, Pace had good news too. He has also been testing the air in US subways. Apart from iron particles (粒子), which are ground off the track by the wheels of trains, subway air is fresh. The reason is that a train’s movement pumps fresh outdoor air into the tunnels.

Pace explained that he wanted to understand the natural microbial environments of public places. This kind of knowledge might help discover the microbes to be used in a bioterrorist (生物恐怖分子) attack.

小题1:From the finding of Norman R. Pace, after taking a shower, we might cough or feel tired because      .

A．it’s easy to get a cold when taking a bath

B．the showerhead carries many bacteria causing illness

C．we don’t get cleaned while showering

D．we don’t get a weak immune system小题2:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Hot water could kill most of bacteria in showerheads.

B．Of 45 showerheads surveyed in nine cities, 30 carried large amounts of Mycobacterium.

C．Changing showerheads is the only way to avoid microorganisms.

D．Shower water contains much less bacteria after being left to run for 30 seconds.小题3:We can learn from the third paragraph that       .

A．having a shower in the morning is more dangerous than at other time

B．the bacteria always threat people’s health

C．there is no reason to fear microorganisms for people with strong immune system

D．it is better to do some exercise in the morning than have a shower小题4:The underlined word “pose” in the third paragraph probably means “______”．

A．cause

B．avoid

C．describe

D．promise小题5:What contributes to fresh air in US subways?

A．The train’s movement.

B．Iron particles．

C．Train wheels.

D．Air conditioners on the trains．

常见的电子邮件协议有以下几种：SMTP、 (56) 、IMAP。这几种协议都是由 (57) 协议族定义的。 (58) 主要负责底层的邮件系统如何将邮件从一台机器传至另外一台机器； (59) 是把邮件从电子邮箱中传输到本地计算机的协议； (60) 提供了邮件检索和邮件处理的新功能，这样用户可以完全不必下载邮件正文就可以看到邮件的标题摘要，从邮件客户端软件就可以对服务器上的邮件和文件夹目录等进行操作。

59（）

下列关于内能的说法中正确的是（　　）

A．静止的物体没有内能

B．0℃以下的物体没有内能

C．内能和机械能是同一种形式的能量

D．内能与物体的温度有关

香港居民甲携毒品过境时见海关人员乙将要检查其行李，甲迅速将一枚钻戒塞人乙的衣袋，乙心领神会，知道其行李中含有毒品，便将其放行。事后，甲每次都从乙当班的口岸过境，乙每次对其睁一只眼闭一只眼，甲也不时给其一点好处。对乙应以何罪论处

A．以贪污罪论处

B．以渎职罪论处

C．以包庇毒品犯罪分子罪论处

D．以走私毒品罪的共犯论处

小儿下呼吸道解剖生理特点，正确的是（）

A.气管和支气管腔狭窄，黏膜血管丰富

B.黏液腺分泌不足，黏膜纤毛运动差

C.炎症时管腔易阻塞

D.肺弹力纤维发育差

E.肺含血少含气多