试题与答案

Ⅰ.在一固定容积的密闭容器中进行着如下反应:CO2(g) + H2(g) CO(

题型:填空题

题目:

Ⅰ.在一固定容积的密闭容器中进行着如下反应:CO2(g) + H2(g)  CO(g) + H2O(g) 其平衡常数K和温度t的关系如下

(1)K的表达式为:______________;

(2)该反应的正反应为______________反应(“吸热”或“放热”);

(3)能判断该反应是否已经达到化学平衡状态的是:_______________

A.容器中压强不变  

B.混合气体中CO浓度不变

C.v(H2)正 = v(H2O)逆   

D.c(CO2) = c(CO) 

(4)在850℃时,可逆反应:CO2(g) + H2(g)CO(g) + H2O(g),在该容器内各物质的浓度变化如下

计算:3min-4min达到平衡时CO的平衡浓度c3,要求写出简单的计算过程(c3精确到小数点后面三位数)。________________________________

Ⅱ.二甲醚(CH3OCH3)在未来可能替代柴油和液化气作为洁净液体燃料使用。工业上以CO和H2为原料生产CH3OCH3的新工艺主要发生三个反应

回答下列问题:

(5)新工艺的总反应为:3CO(g)+3H2(g)CH3OCH3(g)+CO2(g) ΔH 该反应ΔH=______________。

(6)增大压强,CH3OCH3的产率____________(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。

(7)原工艺中反应①和反应②分别在不同的反应器中进行,无反应③发生。新工艺中反应③的发生提高了CH3OCH3的产率,原因是_________________________。

(8)为了寻找合适的反应温度,研究者进行了一系列实验,每次实验保持原料气组成、压强、反应时间等因素不变,试验结果如下图CO转化率随温度变化的规律是_________________________________,原因是_________________________。

答案:

(1)

(2)放热

(3)BC

(4)设3min-4min达到平衡时CO、H2O的平衡浓度为c3,则CO2、H2的平衡浓度分别为0.200-c3和0.300- c3,根据:K= c3·c3/[(0.200-c3)·(0.300-c3)]= 1得c3=0.120mol/L

(5)-247kJ/mol

(6)增大

(7)反应③消耗了反应②中的产物H2O,使反应②的化学平衡向正反应方向移动,从而提高CH3OCH3的产率

(8)温度低于240℃时,CO的转化率随着温度的升高而增大,温度高于240℃时,CO的转化率随着温度的升高而减小(或“CO的转化率先增大,后减小”);在较低温时,各反应体系均未达到平衡,CO的转化率主要受反应速率影响,随着温度的升高反应速率增大,CO的转化率也增大,在较高温时,各反应体系均已达到平衡,CO的转化率主要受反应限度影响,随着温度的升高平衡向逆反应方向移动,CO的转化率减小。

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题型:阅读理解

My Family Is Very Poor

A little boy comes to a new city. His name is Peter. Of course(当然),he lives with his mother and father. His family is very rich(富裕的). They have a driver(司机) and a lot of servants(仆人).

Peter is going to a new school. On the first day his parents say to him,“ peter,be modest(谦虚的)at your new school. Don’t say we are rich. ”And Peter says,“ Yes,Dad,mom. ”

So Peter goes to school. He sees his new teacher. And he sits down with the other children. The teacher says. “Good morning,children. The first exercise today is a composition(作文). The topic(题目) of the composition is ‘My Family’.”So every child writes a composition. This is Peter’s composition:

“My name is Peter. My family is very poor(贫穷). Both my father and my mother are very poor. Our driver is very poor and all the servants are poor…”

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

小题1:Peter’s parents are very            .

A.small

B.modest

C. poor

D.rich小题2:Peter’s parents tell him not to          .

A.play on his way to school

B.be late for school

C.say they are rich

D.write a composition小题3:The teacher asks the children to write          .

A.a letter

B.a composition

C.a book

D.a story小题4:Peter writes a composition about his          .

A.friend

B.teacher

C.school

D.family小题5: Which of the following is right?

A.Peter tells a lie(说谎)in his composition.

B.Peter doesn’t like writing a composition.

C.Peter’s parents write the composition.

D.The teacher is very poor,too.

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