试题与答案

某经济开发区将钛冶炼厂与氯碱厂、甲醇厂组成了一个产业链（如图所示），大大地提高了

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题型：填空题

题目：

某经济开发区将钛冶炼厂与氯碱厂、甲醇厂组成了一个产业链（如图所示），大大地提高了资源利用率，减少了环境污染．

请填写下列空白：

（1）写出钛铁矿经氯化得到四氯化钛的化学方程式：______．

（2）由CO和H2合成甲醇的方程式是：CO（g）+2H2（g）⇌CH3OH（g）．

①已知该反应在300℃时的化学平衡常数为0.27，该温度下将2mol CO、3mol H2和2mol CH3OH充入容积为2L的密闭容器中，此时反应将______（填“向正反应方向进行”、“向逆反应方向进行”或“处于平衡状态”）．

②若不考虑生产过程中物质的任何损失，该产业链中每合成19.2t甲醇，至少需额外补充H2______t．

（3）用甲醇-空气碱性（KOH）燃料电池作电源电解精炼粗铜（如图），在接通电路一段时间后纯Cu质量增加6.4g．

①请写出燃料电池中的负极反应式：______．

②燃料电池正极消耗空气的体积是______（标准状况，空气中O2体积分数以20%计算）．

答案：

（1）从图示可知氯化时的反应物为FeTiO3、C、Cl2，生成物为FeCl3、TiCl4、CO，再根据得失电子和原子守恒即可得出该反应的方程式为

2FeTiO3+6C+7Cl2

 通电 
.
 
2FeCl3+2TiCl4+6CO，故答案为：2FeTiO3+6C+7Cl2=2FeCl3+2TiCl4+6CO；

（2）①将2mol CO、3mol H2和2mol CH3OH充入容积为2L的密闭容器中，此状态的浓度熵Qc=

C(甲醇)
C(一氧化碳)C(氢气)2
=
1
1×1.52
=0.44＞0.27，即Qc＞K，

所以此时反应将向逆反应方向进行，故答案为：向逆反应方向进行；

②由方程式CO（g）+2H2（g）⇌CH3OH（g）、2FeTiO3+6C+7Cl2

 通电 
.
 
2FeCl3+2TiCl4+6CO和2NaCl+2H2O
 通电 
.
 
2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑得如下关系式：

6CH3OH→6CO→7Cl2→7H2，而6CH3OH→12H2，故每生产6molCH3OH（192g）需额外补充5molH2（10g），则生产19.2t甲醇，至少需额外补充1.0t氢气，故答案为：1.0；

（3）甲醇-空气碱性（KOH）燃料电池的总反应为：3O2+2CH3OH+4OH-=2CO32-+6H2O，正极反应式为：3O2+12e-+6H2O=12OH-，负极反应=总反应-正极反应，

即为：CH3OH-6e-+8OH-=CO32-+6H2O，故答案为：CH3OH-6e-+8OH-=CO32-+6H2O；

电解精炼粗铜时，阴极电极反应为：Cu2++2e-=Cu，当生成6.4g纯铜，至少转移电子0.2mol，燃料电池的正极反应为：3O2+12e-+6H2O=12OH-，转移电子0.2mol，

消耗氧气0.05mol，折合成空气为0.25mol，在标准状况下的体积为5.6，故答案为：5.6 L．

考点：原电池电极反应式的书写电解池电极反应式的书写氯碱工业
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The Red Panda isn’t much bigger than an average size house cat. At first you may think it’s a bear because of its name. They’re actually a member of the raccoon(浣熊) family which you can tell if you look at their appearance. The Red Panda has a long bushy tail that is useful in two ways. It helps them stay balanced when they are high up in the trees and it keeps them warm in cold weather. Their fur is thick and reddish brown, which may be why they’re known as the fire fox.

The Red Panda can be found in forested mountains. They’re originally from the forested mountain in the Himalayas in India, Nepal and Southern China. Bamboo is the most important part of their diet. They only eat the young leaves and shoots (嫩芽) of a bamboo plant. Red Pandas have a very low metabolic(新陈代谢的) rate in order to deal with their low energy diet and cool environmental temperatures.

They’re very shy and gentle and don’t hang around the wild too much during the day. If they feel endangered, they’ll stand on their back legs and make a hissing(嘶嘶) sound. Red Pandas are good climbers and spend most of their time living mainly in trees. Their claws are very strong and help them hold onto the branches. They sleep in an unusual way by curling up tightly and wrapping their tails around their heads while sitting on a branch. Sometimes they’ll sleep with their head beneath their chest and behind their back feet. This is the same position as an American raccoon sleeps.

小题1:You can tell that the Red Panda is a member of the raccoon family from ____.

A．its name

B．its appearance

C．its diet

D．its living place小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The Red Panda can only be found in India, Nepal and Southern China.

B．The Red Panda’s tail can help it stay balanced when it is high up in the trees.

C．The Red Panda eats the whole of the bamboo.

D．The Red Panda has high metabolic rate when the temperature is low.小题3:What will Red Pandas do when they are in trouble?

A．They will hang around the wild during the day.

B．They will climb into the trees.

C．They will wrap their tails around their heads.

D．They will stand on their back legs and make a hissing sound.小题4:The Red Panda holds onto the branches with its ____.

A．tail

B．fur

C．back legs

D．claws
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