试题与答案

光滑的水平面上,质量为m1的小球甲以速率v0向右运动。在小球甲的前方A点处有一质

题型:计算题

题目:

光滑的水平面上,质量为m1的小球甲以速率v0向右运动。在小球甲的前方A点处有一质量为m2的小球乙处于静止状态,如图所示。甲与乙发生正碰后均向右运动。乙被墙壁C弹回后与甲在B点相遇,。已知小球间的碰撞及小球与墙壁之间的碰撞均无机械能损失,求求甲、乙两球的质量之比

答案:

解:两球发生弹性碰撞,设碰后甲、乙两球的速度分别为v1、v2,则

m1v0=m1v1+m2v2

m1v02=m1v12+m2v22

从两球碰撞后到它们再次相遇,甲和乙的速度大小保持不变,由于BC=2AB,则甲和乙通过的路程之比为v1:v2=1:5

联立解得

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