试题与答案

Directions: There are 4 passages in this p

题型:单项选择题

题目:


Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by ,5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage One

In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic (运动的) molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.
A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists’ predictions, the theory is supported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.
Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science anymore than a pile of bricks can be called a house. "
Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses. In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist’s thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.

In the fourth paragraph, the author implies that imagination is most important to scientists when they ______.

A.gather known facts

B.formulate possible solutions to a problem

C.evaluate previous work on a problem

D.close an investigation

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

参考答案:对

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题型:综合题

(15分)【20世纪的战争与和平】

阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一 威廉二世性情冲动,头脑僵化,虽然勤勉、诚恳和具有爱国心,却是理想多于实际,爱慕虚荣,向以独裁者自居。他即位不久就宣布:“这个国家只能有一个主人,那就是我。”他很希望成为一个超级军阀,虽然他使自己的国家在二十六年中没有投入战火,可是他的许多荒谬言论却早已足够使他在国际政治中成了一只斑螫。1890年,他罢免了俾斯麦;第二年法国因为害怕这位德国的新主人,开始与俄国谈判,终于在1893年签订了防御性的同盟条约。

材料二  1913~1914年列强的经济实力及其占有殖民地的情况:

国别英国沙俄法国德国日本美国
占世界工业总产量(%)142.6616138
殖民地面积(万平方千米)3350174010602903030
殖民地人口(万人)393503320555012301920970
(1)据材料一并结合所学知识,分析德国发动第一次世界大战的历史原因和现实原因。(6分)

(2)有人认为,没有威廉二世就没有第一次世界大战。请结合材料2对此观点加以评述。(6分)

(3)综合材一、二,你认为第一次世界大战爆发的根本原因是什么?(3分)

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