试题与答案

了解什么使种群发生同步波动很重要,因为同步对灭绝风险、食物链稳定性和影响一个生态系统

题型:单项选择题

题目:

了解什么使种群发生同步波动很重要,因为同步对灭绝风险、食物链稳定性和影响一个生态系统的其他因素都有明显效应。相似的捕食者一猎物循环中所涉及的相邻种群经常发生同步振荡,David Vasseur和Jeremy Fox利用理论及实验室缩微环境发现,当捕食者存在时,猎物种群之间的扩散是造成这种相位锁定(相位同步)的原因。扩散是不同生物(Vasseur和Fox所研究的动物是雪兔和加拿大猞猁)从一个分离的种群向另一个转移的能力。由这项工作所获得的模型对于代表捕食者一猎物和宿主病原体系统的参数的大范围变化都是可靠的,说明它可能具有普遍适用性。 给本段文字选择一个恰当地标题( )。

A.生态系统中的同步波动

B.种群扩散的意义

C.种群同步波动探秘

D.生态系统新发现

答案:

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题型:阅读理解

Short and shy, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. “Football, tennis Cricket—anything with a round ball, I was useless, “he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the object of jokes in school gym classes in England’s rural Devonshire.

It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first the teen went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to cycle along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set his mind building up his body, increasing his speed, strength and endurance. At age 18, he ran his first marathon.

The following year, he met John Ridgway, who became famous in the 1960s for rowing an open boat across the Atlantic Ocean. Saunders was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s school of Adventure in Scotland, where he learned about the older man’s cold-water exploits(成就).Intrigued, Saunders read all he could about Arctic explorers and North Pole expeditions, then decided that this would be his future.

Journeys to the Pole aren’t the usual holidays for British country boys, and many peiole dismissed his dream as fantasy. “John Ridgway was one of the few who didn’t say, ‘You are completely crazy, ’”Saunders says.

In 2001, after becoming a skilled skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition toward the North Pole. He suffered frostbite, had a closer encounter(遭遇) with a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit.

Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and he’s skied more of the Arctic by himself than any other Briton. His old playmates would not believe the transformation.

This October, Saunders, 27, heads south to explore from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, an 1800-mile journey that has never been completed on skis.

小题1:The turning point in Saunders’life came when _____

A.he started to play ball games

B.he got a mountain bike at age 15

C.he ran his first marathon at age 18

D.he started to receive Ridgway’s training小题2:We can learn from the text that Ridgway _______.

A.dismissed Saunders’ dream as fantasy

B.built up his body together with Saunders

C.hired Saunders for his cold-water experience

D.won his fame for his voyage across the Atlantic小题3:What do we know about Saunders?

A.He once worked at a school in Scotland.

B.He followed Ridgway to explore the North Pole.

C.He was chosen for the school sports team as a kid.

D.He was the first Briton to ski alone to the North Pole.小题4:The underlined word “Intrigued” in the third paragraph probably means_____.

A.Excited

B.Convinced

C.Delighted

D.Fascinated小题5:It can be inferred tat Saunders’ journey to the North Pole ______.

A.was accompanied by his old playmates

B.set a record in the North Pole expedition

C.was supported by other Arctic explorers

D.made him well-known in the 1960s

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