设则A的伴随矩阵A*=______．

欧盟原定于2012年1月1日起征收航空碳排税以应对冰川融化和全球变暖，使得对如何降低大气中CO₂的含量及有效地开发利用碳资源的研究显得更加紧迫。请运 用化学反应原理的相关知识研究碳及其化合物的性质。

（1）近年来，我国储氢纳米碳管研究取得重大进展，用电弧法合成的碳纳米管中常伴有大量碳纳米颗粒（杂质），这种碳纳米颗粒可用氧化气化法提纯，其反应的化学方程式为：

____C + ____K₂Cr₂O₇ + ____→ ____CO₂↑+ ____K₂SO₄ + ____Cr₂(SO₄)₃ + ____H₂O

请完成并配平上述化学方程式。

（2）甲醇是一种新型燃料，甲醇燃料电池即将从实验室走向工业化生产。工业上一般以CO和H₂为原料合成甲醇，该反应的热化学方程式为：CO(g)+ 2H₂(g)CH₃OH(g)  △H1＝－116 kJ/mol

①下列措施中有利于增大该反应的反应速率的是  _______；

A．随时将CH₃OH与反应混合物分离       

B．降低反应温度    

C．增大体系压强                          

D．使用高效催化剂  

②已知：

 △H2＝－283 kJ·mol^-1       

 △H3＝－242 kJ·mol^-1

则表示1mol气态甲醇完全燃烧生成CO₂和水蒸气时的热化学方程式为______________；

③在容积为1L的恒容容器中，分别研究在230℃、250℃和270℃三种温度下合成甲醇的规律。下图是上述三种温度下不同的H₂和CO的起始组成比（起始时CO的物质的量均为1mol）与CO平衡转化率的关系。

请回答:

ⅰ）在上述三种温度中，曲线Z对应的温度是___________________；

ⅱ）利用图中a点对应的数据，计算出曲线Z 在对应温度下CO(g)+ 2H₂(g)CH₃OH(g) 的平衡常数K =__________。

（3）CO₂在自然界循环时可与CaCO₃反应，CaCO₃是一种难溶物质，其Ksp=2.8×10^-9。CaCl₂溶液与Na₂CO₃溶液混合可形成CaCO₃沉淀，现将等体积的CaCl₂溶液与Na₂CO₃溶液混合，若Na₂CO₃溶液的浓度为7×10^-4mol/L ，则生成沉淀所需CaCl₂溶液的最小浓度为__________。

决定金属性强弱的是

A．1个金属原子失去电子的多少

B．1mol金属与酸反应放出H₂的多少

C．1mol金属失去电子的多少

D．金属原子失去电子的难易程度

What does the word“youth” mean to you? Many define it as a precious time in their life when they are young, when fun, passion, and imagination seem limitless. But for most high school students, youth is a time of determination and willpower for achieving their goals.

This is vividly shown in Mark of Youth, a movie that opened on Feb 5. Mark of Youth tells the story of four Senior 3 students in a top high school in the days leading up to the national college entrance examination.

Each character represents a different type of student, ranging from the most mischievous(调皮的)to the most motivated. Like most teenagers, they enjoy carefree moments and like to talk about their schoolmates. But the tension of the approaching exam, probably their first life-changing event, is common—they must memorize seemingly endless English words and Chinese poems, work through piles of practice test papers, and improve their scores despite the increasing pressure.

But life exists beyond campus. That the college entrance examination is coming up doesn’t mean they can escape family changes, such as when one character’s parents get divorced or another’s father is arrested. Can these four young people handle their problems and eventually make it to their ideal universities despite their on –and –off campus stress?

The story is set in Hubei Huanggang Middle School, known for its students’ outstanding performances on the big exam. The four students are played by the actors who played in the reality shows Happy Boys and Happy Girls. HongKong actor Alex Fong plays their teacher.

Students may look more fashionable in Mark of Youth than in real life, but it is the story about the final year of high school that many viewers relate to.

“The film is very inspiring,” said Senior 2 student Yao Lingqian, 16, from Leshan Foreign Language School in Sichuan province. “A total commitment(投入)to hard work, though it can be lonely and no fun at all, will leave precious marks on my youth.”

And for Senior 3 student Gao Jing, the film has given her optimism. “The characters taught me that what you score is not the only important thing. The way you approach the exam matters the most,” said the 17-year-old from Zhenping County No 1 High School in Nanyang, Henan province.

“The film really reflects senior 3students’life.” Zhang Ping, a teacher from a senior high school in Qingdao, commented.

小题1:What is the function of the first paragraph in the passage?

A．To tell us what the word “youth” means.

B．To introduce what will be mainly talked about.

C．To tell youth is a time of determination and willpower.

D．To introduce some famous actors.小题2:Why must the four Senior 3 students memorize seemingly endless English words and Chinese poems?

A．They want to enjoy carefree moments.

B．They want to gossip about their schoolmates.

C．They want to work through piles of practice test papers.

D．They want to improve their scores.小题3:Which of the following is true about the film?

A．Mark of Youth tells a story that happened on Feb 5.

B．The characters in the film have to face the pressure from both study and their families.

C．The film tells a story that really happened in Hubei Huanggang Middle School.

D．Most characters in the film are played by actors from HongKong.小题4:What kind of belief does the film convey?

A．Youth is a wonderful thing.

B．We youth should face challenge with smile.

C．Entrance examination is very important in our life.

D．The entrance examination isn’t so terrible.小题5:Which of the person can we see in the film?

A．Alex Fong

B．Yao Lingqian

C．Gao Jing

D．Zhang ping

预应力钢筋张拉应由（）主持。

A.操作班长

B.施工员

C.技术员

D.工程技术负责人

制造波纹管成型用的管坯只允许有全焊透的（），不允许有（）。